Around 150 people demonstrated on Monday outside Rome's Castel Sant'Angelo monument in protest at Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdogan during his visit to the Italian capital, police said.
"Some 150 people took part in a regular protest in the gardens of Castel Sant'Angelo organised by Italy's Kurdistan Network," said a statement from Rome's police headquarters.
"Organisers agreed with Rome police to hold the protest in an area adjacent to but not inside the green zone - to guarantee freedom of expression and dissent," the statement said.
Amid a major security lockdown, Italian authorities banned demonstrations inside the 'green zone' in central Rome from Erdogan's arrival late on Sunday to his departure on late on Monday.
Erdogan was due to meet Pope Francis, Italy's president Sergio Mattarella and prime minister Paolo Gentiloni during his visit to the capital.